Which Country should be blamed for the failure of the League of Nations?
Britain and France
➢They were the leading countries in the LON, they were only looking for their own interests
➢They did not want to upset Poland so they gave Vilna to them.
➢They did not want to send their armies in places where it was not required
➢They thought that they could do anything an France invaded Ruhr without the consultation of the League
➢The Conference of Ambassadors were given a higher authority than the League
➢In the case of Manchuria, they did not pass many economic sanctions on Japan as they felt that Japan might retaliate in war
➢They were slow to react in this situation
➢When Italy captured Abyssinia, they did not want to upset Mussolini because he was their biggest ally against Hitler.
➢There were secret dealings between Hoare and Laval unknown to the League
➢At the same time Hitler marches into Rhineland and turns Frances attention leaving Abyssinia
Italy
➢They were one of the leading members of the league and they showed a lot of aggression in the Greece.
➢They got what they wanted by going against the league
➢They were also a leading member who should have taken actions in other crisis but they left it all to Britain and France
➢There was a great economic depression and the fascist governments like Italy were looking for more of external success
➢They again showed their aggression in Abyssinia
How successful was the League?
It was very successful
➢In 1921, the league had held a plebiscite in which the Silesian people were made to vote and the league divided it according to the result which was that the industrial regions were given to Germany and the agricultural region was given to Poland
➢Sweden and Finland were having an argument on the Aaland Islands in 1921, after an investigation the island was given to Finland and it was abided by Sweden
➢In 1924, there was an argument between Turkey and Iraq over Mosul. There was an investigation was there and Mosul was given to Iraq. Turkey accepted this
➢Greece invaded Bulgaria and the league interfered and ordered Greece to leave and pay compensation the Greece agreed to it.
➢They also made many changes in Europe like they helped many refugees
➢They introduced the International Labor Organization and introduced MAX. 48 hour work per week
➢They introduced the World Health Organization in which they prevented many deaths by diseases.
➢They made an International highway codes
➢There was a pact signed in 1928, called the Kellogg-Briand pact which meant that if there was dispute they would solve it peacefully.
It was not very successful
➢There was a border dispute in Vilna, between Poland and Lithuania, despite Vilna being their capital the league gave it to Poland as Britain and France did not want to upset Poland
➢The league were not consulted in the invasion of Ruhr
➢In 1923, Lithuania seized Memel, the League told them to leave but the Conference of Ambassadors gave it to them
➢Mussolinis aggressions was not contained in the Corfu crisis of 1923
➢The failure of The Geneva Protocol in 1924 showed how weak the League was
➢The disarmament commission was unable to disarm, most of the country
➢There were many international agreements, which showed that the nations did not rely on the League. Treaties like Washington, The Rapallo Treaty, Young plan and many more
➢The failure of containing the aggression put forward by the Japanese and the Italians in the Abyssinian crisis and Manchuria.
➢Italy and Japan were the 2 main countries in the League and this was the situation, big country against a small one. They were very unsuccessful in doing so.
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